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Nozzles for Powder Metal Atomization

Gas atomization is a kind of high efficient technique to produce high-quality metal powders. It makes the metal powders with spherical shape, clean surfaces and uniform particle sizes. And gas atomization is becoming more and more popular in modern powder production due to its high quality production.

Gas Atomization Process of Spherical Powder Diagram

In order to support the processing of gas atomization, INNOVACERA presents a series of atomizing nozzles including Boron Nitride and Zirconia material. We have BMA, BSC, BMZ, BAN and BSN which are all well used for metal powder’s atomization, especially BMA and BMZ are very popular. Hot pressed Boron Nitride nozzles are often used for producing nickel powder, copper powder and aluminum powder. The max working temperature is 1700- 1800℃ in vacuum.

Boron Nitride Material Properties

Properties	Unit	UHB	HB	BC	BMS	BMA	BSC	BMZ	BAN	BSN
Main Composition	–	BN>99.7%	BN>99%	BN>97.5%	BN+SiO2	BN+Al2O3	BN+SiC	BN+ZrO2	BN+AlN	BN+Si3N4
Color	–	White	White	White	White Graphite	White Graphite	Greyish-Green	White Graphite	Greyish-Green	Gray Black
Density	g/cm³	1.6	2	2.0~2.1	2.2~2.3	2.25~2.35	2.4~2.5	2.8~2.9	2.8~2.9	2.2~2.3
Three-Point Bending Strength	MPa	18	35	35	65	65	80	90	90	/
Compressive Strength	MPa	45	85	70	145	145	175	220	220	400~500
Thermal Conductivity	W/(m·k)	35	40	32	35	35	45	30	85	20~22
Thermal Expansion Coefficient (20~1000°C)	10⁻⁶/K	1.5	1.8	1.6	2	2	2.8	3.5	2.8	/
Max Using Temperature Atmosphere / Inactive Gas / Vacuum	°C	900 / 2100 / 1800	900 / 2100 / 1800	900 / 2100 / 1900	900 / 1750 / 1750	900 / 1750 / 1750	900 / 1800 / 1800	900 / 1800 / 1800	900 / 1750 / 1750	900 / 1750 / 1700
Room Temp Electric Resistivity	Ω·cm	>10¹⁴	>10¹⁴	>10¹³	>10¹³	>10¹³	>10¹²	>10¹²	>10¹³	/
Typical Application	–	Nitrides Sintering	High Temp Furnace	High Temp Furnace	Powder Metallurgy	Powder Metallurgy	Powder Metallurgy	Metal Casting	Powder Metallurgy	Metal Casting

BN atomizing nozzle

The benefits of BN atomizing nozzles
1.Non wetting make it reduce the frequency of nozzle replacement
2.Good surface finish make tolerances better
3.Very good thermal shock resistance makes BN not have to be pre-heating widely

Besides Boron Nitride nozzles, INNOVACERA also supplies Zirconia nozzles for powder metal atomization. This is also a very good option on material for the gas atomization. The max working temperature for the Zirconia is 2000℃ in air, vacuum or atmosphere protection environment. Zirconia nozzles are available for almost all metal and alloy powders except tungsten, molybdenum powders.

The benefits of Zirconia nozzles
1.High thermal resistance make it excellent performace in high temperature atomization
2.Very good wear resistance
3.Chemical inertness make the nozzles not reactivity with atomized alloys
4.Low thermal conductivity

Zirconia Atomizing nozzle

Technical Indicators

Indicators	Item	Units	MSZ-H	MSZ-L	Custom
Main Composition	ZrO2	%	≥95	≥95	60-95
	Al2O3	%	≤0.2	≤0.2	0.2-20
	SiO2	%	≤0.4	≤0.4	0.2-1
	MgO	%	≤2.9	≤2.9	MgO/Y2O3
	Fe2O3	%	≤0.1	≤0.1	0.1-0.3
	TiO2	%	≤0.1	≤0.1	0.1-1.0
Physical	Color	–	Yellow	Yellow	Yellow/White
	Density	g/cm3	≤5.2	5.4-5.60	4.6-5.6
	Porosity	%	≤18.5	≤8	1-18.5
The stabilizers, grains combination and porosity can be designed according to customer’s using environment.

Innovacera Hexagonal Boron Nitride Ceramic Varieties and Selection Instructions

Innovacera has been a supplier in the field of high-temperature boron nitride ceramics for more than 13 years. Now, with the expansion of our production area and the renewal of our hot press furnace, we have taken another step forward and expanded the production of new boron nitride solids.

BN parts

The basis for all products is hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), also known as white graphite. Its properties are comparable to those of graphite: flake structure, softness and high temperature stability in an inert gas atmosphere. hBN is oxidatively stable up to 900°C in air, while graphite starts to oxidize at around 350°C. In addition, hBN is electrically insulating and white, which is a decisive advantage in certain applications. Due to the wide range of properties that depend on its composition, this product family is divided into two product lines: the Pure line and the Composite line.

Boron Nitride Material Properties Table

Due to the wide range of properties that depend on its composition, this product family is divided into two product lines: the Pure Series and the Composite Series. One of these lines is selected according to the specific requirements and areas of application. Decisive criteria here include the mechanical load, required temperature resistance, chemical resistance and electrical properties.

Innovacera Pure Series(UHB and HB) has a boron nitride content of more than 99%. It has good thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, high thermal shock resistance, and a low thermal expansion coefficient. This product range is ideally suited for insulating frames for PVD coating systems, insulator parts in the semiconductor industry, setters for nitride ceramics ,insulators for high temperature furnaces and crucible for metal melting.

BN for metal melting

Innovacera Composite line(BMS, BMA, BSC, BMZ, BAN and BSN) stands for boron nitride composite materials with outstanding mechanical properties, high wear resistance and very high gas tightness. This versatility makes it ideal for a wide range of applications. The product includes high-quality matal casting nozzles for the metal industry, components for the steel industry and heat sinks for electronics, semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace, automotive. The excellent electrical insulating effect, excellent sealing ability and high thermal shock resistance ensure reliability in the production process and guarantee a long service life for the components.

Boron Nitride Setter Plates for Sintering Nitrides

INNOVACERA produces a series of boron nitride solids, and you can pick up according to the specific requirements and areas of application. If you need any boron nitride parts, please feel free to contact us.

Alumina Ceramic Laser Waveguides For CO2 lasers and excimer lasers

Innovacera introduces high-quality ceramic laser waveguides! Kindly note that we use state-of-the-art grinding equipment to create highly accurate grooves and complex internal structures for CO2 waveguides. At the same time, maintaining precise dimensional tolerances is critical to ensure that the apertures can properly guide the photon beam and ensure a tight seal with the gas medium. Our custom waveguides provide superior performance, reliability, and exceptional durability and efficiency, ideal for a wide range of laser applications.

CO2 lasers were one of the first gas lasers developed and remain one of the most powerful and efficient lasers to date, with an output power to pump power ratio of up to 20%. CO2 lasers produce beams in the infrared and microwave bands (wavelengths of 9.4 to 10.6 µm), and lasers with high enough power can melt or ablate a wide range of materials they are focused on.

Alumina Ceramic Laser Waveguides

Carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers typically use a pump cavity made of alumina ceramics. In a CO2 laser, the pump cavity is called a waveguide. The waveguide directs the photons into a coherent beam, so the waveguide must be very straight and properly aligned. The inner cavity of the waveguide contains a gas mixture that is excited by RF energy to produce a plasma that emits photons. Alumina ceramics are well suited for this application because they exhibit excellent optical properties at a wavelength of 10.6 µm and are mechanically strong enough to withstand operating temperatures in excess of 1000°C.

In recent years, new waveguide designs have significantly improved the performance-to-size ratio of CO2 laser engines (see figure below). For example, a “folded” waveguide design in the shape of the letter “Z” produces the same output as a conventional straight channel while taking up only one-third of the space. The overall size of the entire laser engine, including the cooling system, is also reduced accordingly. Another advantt design is that it dissipates heat efficiently, allowing the laser to be air- or liquid-coage of this compacoled.

Alumina Ceramic Laser Waveguides

Alumina Laser Waveguides Components Properties
-Low dielectric loss
-Consistent dielectric constant
-High density, vacuum tight
-Good thermal conductivity
-Dimensional and electrical stability at all operating temperatures
-High chemical resistance

Experience our high-quality ceramic laser waveguides and trust our company’s expertise to provide you with the best solution for your laser system. Contact us today to learn more about our products and customize waveguides to your unique specifications.

Magnesium-Stabilized Zirconia (MSZ) for Demanding Ultra-High Temperature Applications

In Zirconia ceramic family, there is a material can endure the high temperature 2200 degree centigrade. We call it Magnesium Stabilized Zirconia ceramic. It is a refractory material. Although 95% of the composition is zirconium oxide, its performance is quite difference with the white zirconia ceramic(Y2O3 partially stabilized zirconia ceramic) .

Magnesium-Stabilized Zirconia (MSZ) Gas Atomization Nozzle

From its appearance, it is yellow color and with porosity. We have two kind magnesium stabilized zirconia ceramic. One with low porosity its density is ≤52g/cm3, one with high porosity its density a little higher 5.4-5.6g/m3. But their main composition is almost the same. They can be used in air, vacuum or protective atmosphere environment. Following is the detail of the material data sheet.

Property	Item	Units	MSZ-L	MSZ-H
Composition	ZrO2	%	≥95	≥95
	Al2O3	%	≤0.2	≤0.2
	SiO2	%	≤0.4	≤0.4
	MgO	%	≤2.9	≤2.9
	Fe2O3	%	≤0.1	≤0.1
	TiO2	%	≤0.1	≤0.1
Physical	Color		Yellow	Yellow
	Density	g/cm3	≤5.2	≤5.4-5.6
	Porosity	%	≤18.5	≤8

Magnesium Stabilized Zirconia Gas Atomization Nozzle

The feature of Magnesium stabilized zirconia
*High erosion and wear resistance
*High thermal shock resistance
*Metal corrosion resistance in high temperature
*Long service life
*High Strength

Application Field
*Metal powder industry as gas atomizing nozzle and setter plate
*Precious metal smelting industry as ceramic crucible
*High-temperature melt flow control components such as sizing nozzles, ladle skateboard panels, converter slag blocking slide plates, and rings

Magnesium Stabilized Zirconia Ceramic

If you are looking a ceramic material for ultra high temperature, magnesium stabilized zirconia ceramic may be a good choice. Its stabilizers and grains combination can be designed according to customer’s using environment as long as you have the quantity. Any more question about it, just feel free to contact us at +86 592 558 9730 or sales@innovacera.com for more information.

Characteristics And Common Application of Silicon Nitride Igniters

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic igniters have significant advantages over ceramic heaters, mainly reflected in their high temperature resistance, rapid heating ability and thermal stability, making them very popular in many high temperature application scenarios. Today, we will mainly introduce the characteristics, common application scenarios, advantages and precautions of silicon nitride igniters.

Silicon Nitride Ceramic Igniters

1. Core characteristics

1) High temperature tolerance

2) Silicon nitride ceramic igniters can heat up to 1000-1400°C in a very short time (2-10 seconds), and can work stably in a high temperature environment of 1200-1400°C for a long time. This feature makes it suitable for scenarios that require rapid start-up and maintenance of high temperature uniform distribution, such as industrial kilns, burners, mold heating, etc.

3) Thermal surface stability

4) The heating element is encapsulated in a dense silicon nitride ceramic matrix using tungsten wire embedding or screen printing technology to form a wide thermal surface that can evenly transfer heat. For example, in mold heating or 3D glass molding, the thermal surface can achieve local or overall uniform temperature distribution.

5) Thermal shock and oxidation resistance

6) Silicon nitride ceramics have excellent thermal shock stability and can withstand rapid hot and cold cycles. The oxide protective film formed on the surface can prevent high-temperature oxidation and extend the service life. This is crucial for heat distributors that require frequent start-stop or temperature fluctuations.
The performance data is as follows:

Innovacera Silicon nitride ceramic igniters performance data

1. Specific application scenarios

1).Industrial kilns and burners

2).Silicon nitride igniters are widely used in gas furnaces, kilns and other equipment to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the combustion chamber through rapid ignition and stable hot surfaces. For example, FKK’s products can be directly used in gas burners with a temperature range of 1100-1400°C.

3).Mold heating system

4).In processes such as 3D glass molding and lens manufacturing, silicon nitride igniters heat the mold at local high temperatures, combined with their heat conduction characteristics to achieve precise temperature control, avoiding deformation or defects caused by uneven heat distribution.

5).Thermal management of gas equipment

6).Such as gas stoves, ovens, water heaters, etc., the high-temperature surface of the igniter directly contacts the combustible gas, and rapid ignition is achieved through heat conduction. At the same time, its wide heat surface design can optimize combustion efficiency and reduce local overheating or cold areas.

7).New energy and environmental protection equipment

8).In solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), silicon nitride igniters are used for temperature control in the preheating and startup stages; in biomass boilers and exhaust gas treatment systems, its rapid heating ability can improve heat distribution efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

Silicon nitride igniter

3.Technical advantages and design points

1).Power and voltage flexibility

2).The product covers a power range of 10W to 1000W, supports voltages of 4V to 240V, and can customize the shape of the heating circuit and power density according to the needs of heat distribution. For example, INNOVACERA’s DG series (220-230V, 400-1000W) is suitable for distributed heating of large boilers.

3).Structural optimization
Packaging design: High-purity alumina ceramic base and metal bushing are used to ensure electrical insulation and mechanical strength.

Heat dissipation protection: Set up a temperature buffer and an insulating package to prevent overheating of the terminal (the temperature of the package end needs to be <400°C).

4).Environmental adaptability

5).No electromagnetic interference, oil resistance, moisture resistance and other characteristics make it suitable for complex industrial environments, such as high temperature and corrosive medium heating in the petrochemical industry.

4. Precautions for use

1).Installation and airflow design

-The gas flow rate needs to be matched according to the model to avoid local overheating due to too low flow rate (surface temperature ≤1200°C).

-The airflow channel should ensure full contact with the igniter and reserve heat dissipation space.

2).Operation restrictions

-Strictly prohibit sudden cooling and heating or liquid splashing to prevent ceramic cracking.

-After successful ignition, the power must be turned off in time to avoid continuous high temperature damage to the components.

To summary, Silicon nitride ceramic igniters have become key components in heat distributor applications due to their high temperature performance, thermal stability and flexible design, especially in industrial scenarios that require fast response and uniform heating. In the future, with the advancement of material technology (such as the development of silicon nitride and molybdenum disilicide composite materials), their application range will be further expanded to more stringent thermal management fields.
For more informaiton, please consult with sales@innovacera.com

Innovacera Will Showcase Technical Ceramic Solutions at 2025 Laser World of Photonics in Booth A2 464

Innovacera will attend the exhibition of Laser World of Photonics 2025 at June 24-27, Messe München, Welcome visit us at Booth A2 464 to discover how technical ceramic components use in the photonics industry and ceramic solutions engineered for high-power photonics.

Ceramic-to-Metal Sealing

The global photonics industry converges at Laser World of Photonics 2025 – the world’s premier trade fair for photonics technologies. As the definitive industry event, the exhibition anticipates over 40,000 professional visitors from 70+ countries and 1,300+ leading companies showcasing cutting-edge innovations.

Laser World of Photonics 2025

Innovacera Will Display Core Ceramic Components as below in the exhibition:
✅ Ceramic-to-Metal Sealing Components (CTMS)
✅ Metallized Ceramics
✅ DBC/DPC Substrates
✅ Glass-to-Metal Sealing Components (GTMS)
✅ Alumina Ceramic Reflectors
✅ Boron Nitride Part
✅ Precision Ceramic Components

High-power photonics need precision ceramic substrates & hermetic sealing technologies, as laser power densities escalate and devices miniaturize, traditional materials fail to meet stringent demands for thermal management, hermeticity, and reliability. Technical ceramics are widely use in photonics industry because their excellent properties of resistance of high temperature and electrical insulator. Ceramic -to-metal sealing components have good hermetic sealing and DBC(Direct Bonded Copper)/DPC(Direct Plated Copper) substrates have advantages in thermal management for photonics-integrated circuits. Ceramic reflector is widely used for industrial laser cutting and medical laser systems.

Ceramic Components Precision Ceramic Components

If you have any demand of technical ceramic components, welcome to visit our booth and communicate with us to learn more about ceramic part photonics industry application.

Event Details:
Laser World of Photonics 2025
Dates: 24-27 June 2025
Location: Messe München, Germany
Innovacera Booth: A2 464 (Hall A2)

Custom ceramic setters for sintering of Metal Injection Molded MIM parts

In the metal powder injection molding process, metal powder is sintered into a solid shape. In this process, ceramic setters are essential to prevent its deformation during the sintering process and ensure the dimensional stability of the metal part. MIM can mass-produce small-sized parts (usually less than 50 mm) with complex geometries. Custom aluminum oxide sintering setter optimizes the sintering process by ensuring even heat distribution and minimizing part contamination.

Advantages of High-Purity Alumina Ceramic Setters/Sintering Trays or Plates

1.High Thermal Resistance
Aluminum oxide sintering setter has good high-temperature stability, which is mainly due to its high melting point, high thermal conductivity and good thermal shock resistance. In the sinter process, it can reduce setter thickness to improve energy utilization. So we can use it as a sintering tool for stainless steel, tungsten and other refractory alloys.

2.Inert surfaces
Alumina ceramic setters are chemically inert and don’t react with metals or sintering environments (such as argon, hydrogen or vacuum), it is preventing contamination and maintaining metal component purity. As a result, these setsters also have a long service life without repair.

3.Low Thermal Expansion
Alumina’s low coefficient of thermal expansion reduces size changes when cooling and heating, ensuring consistent metal components geometry and reducing the risk of cracking.

4.Surface Roughness
Innovacera can customize the surface roughness of alumina ceramic setters, a general surface roughness of Ra < 0.4–1.6 µm reduces sticking between the setter and MIM parts. A particle-free surface also protects metal parts from contamination from the setters.

5.Mechanical Strength
Alumina setters have high compressive strength, which enables it to withstand heavy loads without deformation. Its wear resistance also prolongs its service life and reduces replacement frequency. The service life is about 50-200 cycles (depending on thermal shock.

High-purity Alumina Setters Applications in MIM Sintering
-High-purity alumina setters are used in sintering:
-Aerospace components (e.g., nickel-based superalloys)
-Medical implants (e.g., titanium orthopedic components )
-Automotive parts (e.g., gears and fuel injectors)
-Electronics (e.g., copper heat sinks)

INNOVACERA produces a series of custom and standard ceramic setters, and it is made of alumina ceramic, aluminum nitride ceramic and boron nitride ceramic. If you need any ceramic setter, please feel free to contact us.

How do metalized ceramic bushings apply in 5G communication

As 5G communication development, the requirement for its core parts is becoming more and more strict. Electronic filter as the core component of communication equipment, continuously improving the technology, as one of the main important parts in filters is metalized ceramic parts.

Innovacera provides customized and common metalized ceramic parts for filters, one of the common parts is metalized ceramic bushings.

What’s the function of metalized ceramic bushings in Filters

1.Feedthrough Capacitor Filters
Metalized ceramic bushings are commonly integrated into feedthrough capacitor filters to suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) in electronic circuits. The filters are mostly installed on bulkheads, enclosures, or metal cases of sensitive electronic devices.
In this application:

– The metalized ceramic bushing provides electrical insulation between the inner conductor and the metal case.
– The metalized layer provides good adhesion when brazing or soldering ceramic to the metal, ensure a hermetic seal.
– The ceramic bushing can block high-frequency noise when the central conductor is passed through it, forming a coaxial structure that helps maintain signal integrity.

2.Hermetic Filter Assemblies
In aerospace, military, medical, and telecom environments where both EMI shielding and hermeticity are required, metalized ceramic bushings serve as the interface between the internal filter elements and the metal housing. These assemblies are often used in:

– EMI/RFI filtered connectors
– Power line filters
– Signal line filters

The ceramic bushing allows the internal electrical elements to connect externally while:
– Preventing moisture, gases, or contaminants from entering the sealed enclosure
– Maintaining high dielectric strength to prevent voltage breakdowns

3.High-Voltage Filters
In high-voltage filter systems, such as those found in power electronics, radar systems, and medical imaging equipment, metalized ceramic bushings provide critical isolation and mechanical support. They ensure that high-potential conductors are securely and safely passed through grounded filter housing.

Therefore, metalized ceramic bushings are the indispensable components that has been applied in electrical, mechanical, and sealing interfaces. Whether used in EMI feedthrough filters, hermetic filter connectors, or high-voltage filter assemblies, they ensure safe signal or power transfer while maintaining electrical isolation, shielding integrity, and environmental protection.

When is Hermetic Sealing Required?

How to prevent moisture or gas penetration while enabling electrical or optical signal transmission; and how to protect sensitive optoelectronic components from environmental influences. These are common challenges faced during the design process.

This is when the “hermetic packaging” technology, which has been in mature use for decades, comes into play. It can achieve signal and power transmission while maintaining air-tightness. Hermetic packaging is also used for optical signal transmission. For example, vacuum – sealed optical lenses or flat – window tube caps are often used in the packaging of sensors.

The two transmission functions of hermetic packaging are electrical signal transmission and optical signal transmission.

– Electrical Power/Signal Transmission: Hermetically sealed connectors can conduct through the sealed housing while preventing the intrusion or escape of moisture, gas and other substance.

– Optical Signal Transmission: Hermetically sealed lens or caps allow the emission or transmission of optical signals.

Hermetic packaging comes in various forms, including electrical package, cable feedthroughs, connectors, joints or conductor terminals, etc.

What are the application cases of hermetic packaging and what functions do they serve?

1.Meeting the Challenges of Extreme Environments

Hermetic packaging can protect electronic devices to operate stably in specific environments, such as high temperature, high pressure, humid and corrosive environments.

Product Performance Indicators:
– Prevent moisture and gases. (Helium leakage < 10⁻⁸ mbar·l/s)
– Resist high and low temperatures.Temperature range: -200°C ~ 1000°C, for example, it can be applied in the cryogenic LNG industry and automotive exhaust gas sensors.
– Withstand high pressure. Withstand up to 400 MPa of high pressure and can be used in oil and natural gas exploration.
– Resist chemical corrosion and radiation, and tolerate the electrolyte of lithium – ion batteries and nuclear radiation.

2.Enhancing System Reliability and Safety
In addition to challenging working environments, hermetic sealing can extend the service life and improve the efficiency of products. For example, applications that are not convenient for replacement and maintenance, or where the maintenance cost of the electrical system is too high – aviation, aerospace and maritime applications.

3. Improving Performance, Efficiency, and Design Innovation
Hermetic packaging can also significantly enhance performance, efficiency, and design innovation. In optical communication and data communication applications, a truly airtight or waterproof enclosure is required to achieve long – term, stable, and high – performance data transmission.

Hermetic packaging can also be a cost – effective alternative to non – sealed or quasi – sealed solutions because it can be combined with more miniaturized and simplified single – component designs instead of large and complex multi – component systems. Through special designs, hermetic packaging can also meet special data transmission requirements such as heat dissipation, high – power/voltage/insulation, or high – RF optical signals.

4.High Cost – Performance and Widely Used in Automotive and Home Appliance Electronics

The production process of hermetic packaging products is highly mature, capable of providing a large number of products with stable quality and having a competitive price. It has been applied in various industries. For example, the hermetic tube seats of automotive airbags and seat belts have extremely high reliability and meet the 0 PPM quality control requirements. In the home appliance industry, hermetic terminal blocks provide stable power supply for refrigerator and air – conditioner compressors.

The basic purpose of vacuum sealing and hermetic packaging is to assist in the reliable operation of electronic devices and systems – – especially in some extremely harsh application scenarios. It is widely used in many important industries, including automotive electronics, nuclear safety, medical equipment, etc., and the product quality is trustworthy. As the only viable solution for electronic protection, hermetic packaging increases product value, meets customer requirements, and is used in various industries and daily consumer electronics.

Precision Quadrupole Mass Filter-Core Component Of Mass Spectrometer

As the core component of the mass spectrometer, the quadrupole mass filter achieves ion screening through precise electric field control. The quadrupole is usually composed of four parallel metal rods, and two pairs of electrodes apply: direct current voltage (DC, U) and radio frequency voltage (RF, V·cos(ωt)). By adjusting the DC and RF voltages, ions with a specific mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) can be selected to pass through, while other ions are filtered out.

Picture 2: The structure of the quadrupole mass analysis device and the schematic diagram of the applied voltage.

supplementary instruction: “U” is the maximum DC voltage on the quadrupole electrode, and “V” is the maximum RF AC voltage on the electrode.

Typical quadrupole mass analyzers are divided into hyperbolic quadrupoles and cylindrical quadrupoles, which are described in detail as follows:

Hyperbolic quadrupole:
• Four sets of precision hyperbolic electrodes form an ideal electric field space
• 45-degree asymptotic line symmetry design to ensure electric field uniformity
• 180° inverted RF signal loading to achieve high-resolution ion selection
• Aerospace-grade material processing technology, tolerance control up to micron level

Cylindrical quadrupole:
• Innovative cylindrical electrode design reduces processing costs
• Patented size ratio (r/r0=1.12-1.13) to maintain field accuracy
• High-precision centerless grinder processing, straightness error <5μm
• Length 100-300mm optional, customized services available

Please kindly note: Innovacera mainly provides customized services for cylindrical quadrupole rods.

Material selection:
• LC-MS: Special ceramic/quartz material, thermal expansion coefficient <0.5×10⁻⁶/℃
• GC-MS: 316 stainless steel/molybdenum alloy, corrosion resistance increased
• Surface coating technology prolongs service life.

As the core component of mass spectrometers, our quadrupole products are widely used in environmental testing, pharmaceutical analysis, food safety and other fields.

Innovacera has a professional customized R&D team. If you have quadrupole components inquiry and drawings, please contact us with no hesitation!