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Advantages of Machinable Glass Ceramic

The most prominent feature of machinable ceramics is its good machinability. It can be turned, milled, planed, sawed, ground, cut, tapped, etc. using general-purpose metal processing equipment into a variety of parts with complex shapes, and can achieve a fairly high degree of machining accuracy. No special tools and equipment are required.

Machinable Glass Ceramic Ceramic Roller For Vacuum Environment Application

Machinable Glass Ceramic have excellent electrical insulation properties, high mechanical strength, resistance to rapid cooling and heating (widely used in welding fixtures, optical glass molding dies, etc.). Its corrosion resistance is also superior to ordinary ceramics, relative to PTFE, it is more resistant to corrosion, not aging, long service life so that it is used in various types of chemical equipment.

Machinable ceramics have high volume resistivity and high dielectric strength, making it an excellent electrical insulation material. It has excellent insulation and dimensional stability, and it is completely non-porous, non-absorbent, and does not outgas at 1000℃, so it can be applied in the vacuum field; good corrosion resistance, it can be used as heat-resistant parts in corrosive environments and parts in three-waste treatment devices; machinable ceramics have good thermal shock resistance, ultra-high vacuum stability, resistance to high and low temperatures, dimensional stability, and a specific gravity that is lighter than luminum, etc., which makes it It has become a universal material in the field of astronautics.

Machinable Glass Ceramic not only has the nature of ceramic materials, but also has the characteristics of metal materials, the combination of the two together, so that can be processed ceramics have many excellent features at the same time, but also has no ceramic materials, high toughness, general industrial ceramics because of the low strength, so in the application of structural materials has great limitations, and can be processed ceramics is not too big a concern, so in many cases, can be processed ceramics ceramics can be used in place of other industrial ceramics, and the use of the effect is not a big difference.

Machinable Glass Ceramic Material Properties – SU0005:

Properties:	Units:	Remark:
Density	g/cm3	2.6
Hardness	Mohs	4~5
Color	–	White
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion -50°C~200°C (Average value)	°C	7.2×10-7
Thermal Conductivity	W/m.k (25°C)	1.71
Continuous Operating Temperature	°C	800
Flexural Strength	MPa	>108
Compressive Strength	MPa	>508
Impact Toughness	KJ/m2	>2.56
Elasticity Modulus	GPa	65
Dielectric Loss	(1~4)×10-3	RT
Dielectric Constant		6~7
Dielectric Strength (The thickness of sample: 1mm)	KV/mm	>40
Volume Resistivity	Ω.cm (25°C)	1.08×1016
1.5×1012Ω.cm	°C	200
1.1×109Ω.cm	°C	500
The Normal Temperature Outgassing Rate (Vacuum sophisticated 8 hrs)	ml/s. cm2	8.8×10-9
Helium Through Rate (After firing at 500°C, cooling to room temperature)	ml/s	1×10-10
5% HC1 (95°C, 24 hours)	mg/cm2	0.26
5% HF	mg/cm2	83
50% Na2CO3	mg/cm2	0.012
5%NaOH	mg/cm2	0.85

Machinable Glass Ceramic Related Products:

Machinable Glass Ceramic Structural Parts:

Machinable Glass Ceramic Ceramic Blocks:

Machinable Glass Ceramic Ceramic Pads:

Machinable Glass Ceramic Rings:

Machinable Glass Ceramic Tubes:

Innovacera Invite You To Visit Us At Ceramitec 2024 Exhibition On A6.145

In the 2024 year, Innovacera will attend 4 foreign exhibitions including the Ceramitec 2024. If you happen to have attended or visit them, too, welcome to come to meet us at the exhibition. Below is more information about Ceramitec 2024.

Exhibition Name: Ceramitec 2024
Date: Apr. 9-12, 2024
Location: Trade Fair Center Messe München; Am Messeturm, 81829 Munich
Ceramitec 2024 Scale: -30,000 M²
Audience: 10,000 people from 34 countries
Organizer: Messe München
Innovacera Advance Ceramic Material will show: Alumina Ceramic, Zirconia Ceramic, Aluminum Nitride, Boron Nitride Ceramic, Porous Ceramic, Silicon Nitride Ceramics, Beryllia Ceramics, Machinable Glass Ceramic, Silicon Carbide Ceramics.
Exhibition Web: https://ceramitec.com
Innovacera Booth No.: A6 Hall 145

Innovacera will exhibit all kinds of technical ceramic components such as Metallized Ceramics, Ceramic Carrier Plates, Ceramic Separation Rings, Ceramic Robotic Arm End Effectors, Ceramic Heaters, Ceramic Substrates, Ceramic Bases, Ceramic Shells, Ceramic Reflector Cavities, AMB Silicon Nitride Substrate, DBC, DPC, ceramic welding parts and so on.

Ceramitec 2024 stands as the pinnacle event for the ceramics industry, providing a platform to explore the latest trends and innovations. Visitors will delve into the impact of technologies such as additive manufacturing, Industry 4.0, and sustainability on the ceramics sector. The event is a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the future of ceramics and gather invaluable insights to shape and enhance business strategies.

The trade fair encompasses the entire ceramics industry, uniting producers, users, and scientists. Attendees can explore a comprehensive range of machinery, devices, processes, and raw materials. From classic ceramics to industrial ceramics, technical ceramics, powder metallurgy, and the latest in 3D printing and additive manufacturing, ceramitec 2024 covers every facet of this dynamic industry.

Innovacera cordially invites all old customers, industry professionals, partners, and enthusiasts to visit booth A6 145 at Ceramitec 2024. Innovacera Vissio is: To be the most reliable supplier of advanced materials components and Mission is Winning with our customers and employees.

What Are The Differences Between Thermally Conductive Silicone Sheets And Ceramic Heat Sinks

From the aspects of temperature resistance range, material hardness, insulation performance, thermal conductivity, bonding performance, etc., the specific distinctions are as follows.

Thermal Conductive Silicone Sheet Performance and Characteristics

1. Thermal Conductive Silicone Sheet Temperature Resistance Range:

The high temperature working range of high thermal conductivity silicone sheets is 200℃, but ceramic heat sinks can be used normally in high temperature environments above 1700℃.

2. Material Hardness of Thermally Conductive Silicone Sheet:

Thermal conductive silica gel sheet is an elastic silica gel material with good compressibility, while ceramic heat sink is a high-hard ceramic material. In terms of hardness, ceramic heat sink fin is much higher than thermal conductive silica gel sheet.

3. Insulating Properties of Thermally Conductive Silicone Sheets:

The breakdown voltage of the thermally conductive silicone sheet is 4.5KV/mm, while the breakdown voltage of the ceramic heat sink is 15KV/mm, and the volume resistance of the ceramic heat sink is also as high as 1012Ω·m.

Ceramic Heat Sink Performance and Characteristics

1. Thermal Conductivity of Ceramic Heat Sink:

The thermal conductivity of thermal silica gel sheets is far inferior to that of thermally conductive ceramic sheets doped with a large amount of alumina and aluminum nitride. The thermal conductivity of alumina ceramic heat sinks is more than 5 times that of high thermal conductivity silica gel sheets.

2. Fitting Performance of Ceramic Heat Sink:

The good insulation and soft tape properties of the thermally conductive silicone sheet make it extremely superior in conformability, and also make it widely used in heat conduction and heat dissipation on the chips of various electronic products. However, the heat transfer of the thermally conductive ceramic sheet requires a certain amount of thermal conductivity. Silicone grease increases its conformability, which is one of the main reasons why thermally conductive ceramic sheets are not widely used in electronic products for heat conduction and heat dissipation.

The Following is A Summary:

Thermal conductive material	Thermal conductive silicone sheet	Ceramic heat sink
Temperature resistance range	200℃	1700℃
Hardness	Low	High
Insulating (breakdown voltage)	4.5KV/mm	15KV/mm
Thermal conductivity	Low	5 times
Fitting performance	Good	Not very good

Conclusion

Because each thermal conductive material has electronic thermal conductivity and heat dissipation application scenarios that are adapted to its characteristics, customers need to choose the required heat dissipation material according to their needs.

Advantages Of Alumina Ceramic Bushings

Alumina ceramic bushings are widely used in electronic and electrical industries because of their high electrical insulation, ultra-high hardness and compressive strength. Alumina is an excellent high temperature ceramic material due to its high temperature stability. It is the most commonly used type of advanced ceramics with a purity of between 95% and 99.8%.

Applications Of Alumina

Alumina ceramics are characterized by extremely high hardness and wear resistance, low erosion levels, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and biological inertness. As a result, Al2O3 ceramic products are ideal for many industries, such as:
1. Electrical wires and wire conduits;
2. Mechanical seals;
3. Machine parts;
4. High temperature electrical insulators;
5. High voltage insulators;
6. Electronic parts substrates;
7. Roller and ball bearings;
8. Wear-resistant linings;
9. Semiconductor parts;
10. Precision shafts and axes in high wear environments.

Properties Of Alumina (From 95%-99.8%)

1. Excellent electrical insulation (1 × 10 14 ~ 1 × 10 15 Ω cm);
2. Medium to ultra-high mechanical strength (300 to 630 MPa);
3. Very high compressive strength (2000 to 4000 MPa);
4. High hardness (15 to 19 GPA);
5. Medium thermal conductivity (20 to 30 W / MK);.
6. High corrosion and wear resistance;
7. Good grinding performance;
8. Low density (3.75 to 3.95 g / cm3);
9. Operating temperature of 1000 to 1500°C without mechanical load;
10. Biological inertia, food compatibility.

The Properties Of 99.8% Alumina Are As Follows:

Properties	Test Conditions	Units	Value
Alumina Content	–	％	99.8
Color	–	–	Ivory
Bulk Denstity	–	g/cm3	3.89
Water-absorption	–	%	0
Grain Size	–	μm	4-5
Vickers Hardness, HV1.0	Load 4.9N	GPa	≥15
Flexural Strength, RT	–	MPa	≥300
Coefficient of Linear Expansion	20～500℃	1×10-6mm/℃	6.5～7.5
Coefficient of Linear Expansion	20～800℃	1×10-6mm/℃	6.5～8.0
Thermal Conductivity, RT	20℃	W/m・K	≥20.9
Specific Heat Capacity	–	kJ/(kg・K)	≥0.8
Dielectric Strength	–	KV/mm	≥12
Electrical Resistivity, RT	20℃	Ohm.cm	≥1014
	300℃		≥1011
	500℃		≥109
Permittivity	1MHz	–	9～10
Dielectric DissipationFactor	1MHz	–	≤3×10-4
Surface Roughness	–	μm	0.1～0.4

Alumina Ceramics Production and Processing Factory

Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials CO., LTD has been engaged in precision technical ceramics for ten years and has rich experience in grinding, lapping and polishing of alumina ceramics. We accept customization:
1．Manufacture products according to drawing requirements;
2．Manufacture of more complex products;
3．Low MOQ ;
4．Achieving higher dimensional accuracy;
5．Achieving fast response and delivery;
6．Providing more specialized services;
7．Realizing the thrust of customer satisfaction.

What Is The PBN Performance Advantages And Usage

Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) belongs to the hexagonal crystal system, and its purity can reach 99.999%. It is acid and alkali resistant, anti-oxidation, has good thermal conductivity, is dense, and can be processed. Due to the CVD process, pyrolytic boron nitride has a near-perfect layered structure, resulting in anisotropic thermal conductivity, making it an ideal material for making crystal growth crucibles.

It is made of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of ammonia and boron halides under high temperature and high vacuum conditions. It can not only prepare PBN sheets, but also directly prepare PBN final products such as crucibles, boats, and coatings.

Pyrolytic boron nitride is different from ordinary hot-pressed boron nitride (HBN). It does not need to go through the traditional hot-pressing sintering process and does not add any sintering agent.

Therefore,the obtained product has the following significant characteristics:

1. Non-toxic and tasteless;
2. High purity, reaching more than 99.999%;
3. It does not react with acids, alkalis, salts and organic reagents at room temperature, and is slightly corroded in molten salts and alkali solutions, but it can resist corrosion by various acids at high temperatures;
4. Does not react with most molten metals, semiconductors and their compounds;
5. Good antioxidant performance below 1000℃;
6. Thermal shock resistance is good, no cracks were found when put into water at 2000℃;
7. High operating temperature, no sublimation point, and directly decomposes into B and N above 3000°C;
8. High resistance and good electrical insulation performance;
9. The surface is smooth, without pores, and does not wet with most semiconductor melts.

Properties Of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride:

Property		Unit	Value
Lattice Constant		μm	a: 2.504 x 10 -10 ; c: 6.692 x 10 -10
Density		g/cm3	2.10-2.15 (PBN Crucible); 2.15-2.19 (PBN Plates)
Micro Hardness (Knoop)(ab side)		N/mm2	691.88
Resistivity		Ω·cm	3.11 x 10 11
Tensile Strength		N/mm2	153.86
Bending Strength	⊥C	N/mm2	243.63
Bending Strength	⊥C	N/mm2	197.76
Elastic Modulus		N/mm2	235690
Thermal Conductivity		W/m·k	“a” direction; “c” direction
	200℃	W/m·k	60 2.60
	900℃	W/m·k	43.7 2.8
Dielectric Strength (at room temperature)		KV/mm	56

Applications Of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride:

Due to the nature of the CVD process, pyrolytic boron nitride parts typically require wall thicknesses of 3 mm or less. But the CVD process gives pyrolytic boron nitride a nearly perfect layered structure, resulting in anisotropic thermal conductivity, making it an ideal material for making crystal growth crucibles.
1. OLED evaporation unit
2. Semiconductor single crystal growth (VGF, LEC) crucible;
3. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) evaporation crucible;
4. MOCVD heater;
5. Polycrystalline synthetic boat;
6. PBN infrared window;
7. Satellite communication microwave tube;
8. PBN coated carrier plate;
9. Insulating panels for high temperature and high vacuum equipment.

Pyrolytic Boron Nitride Ceramic Processing:

We can meet your advanced ceramic prototyping needs. We are always happy to draw on our many years of experience with advanced ceramics to provide advice on materials, design and application. If you would like to purchase boron nitride plate/rod/tube or custom parts, please contact us and one of our experts will be happy to help you find the solution.

What Are The Features? Applications Of Microporous Ceramics – Filtration

Microporous ceramics refer to ceramic bodies that contain a large number of open or closed tiny pores inside or on the surface of the ceramic. The pore diameter is generally micron or sub-micron. It is a functional structural ceramic. Microporous ceramic has adsorption, breathability, corrosion resistance, environmental compatibility, biocompatibility, etc. It is widely used in filtration of various liquids, filtration of gases and immobilization of organisms. Enzyme carriers and biologically adaptable carriers have been widely used, especially in environmental engineering, such as industrial water, domestic water treatment, sewage purification, etc. With the development of science and technology and industrial production, issues such as energy, resources, and three waste management have received more attention. In particular, the rapid development of high-tech fields such as biochemicals, fine chemicals, and energy materials has put forward higher requirements for the research and development of liquid and solid separation technologies, micropore filtration technology and micropore filtration with high separation accuracy and high operating efficiency. Materials are attracting more and more attention.

Features of microporous filter tube:

1. The microporous ceramic filter tube has countless micropores evenly distributed in the network state, and the pore diameter is slender and curved, with good penetration and capillary characteristics, so that the solid particles form an arch bridge shape in the micropore diameter, which has little impact on the filtration rate.

2. The microporous ceramic filter tube has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, no deformation, easy cleaning and regeneration, long service life, no harmful substances leaching out, and no secondary pollution.

3. The microporous ceramic filter tube is easy to regenerate. It is usually backflushed once every three months. It only needs to be backflushed with water or compressed air after sedimentation, and it can be restored to its original state and continued to be used.

4. Microporous filter tubes are mainly used in refining, chemical industry, synthetic rubber, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and food processing.

Microporous ceramic materials have a large application market in many fields due to their high porosity, low air permeability resistance, controllable pore size, easy cleaning and regeneration, and resistance to high temperature, high pressure, and chemical media corrosion. Ceramic microfiltration technology and ceramic filtration devices using microporous ceramic materials as filter media not only solve difficult filtration problems such as high temperature, high pressure, strong acid and alkali, and chemical solvent media, but also have high filtration accuracy, good cleanliness, and With the characteristics of easy cleaning and long service life, it has been widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, pharmaceutical, food, environmental protection, water treatment and other fields. Filtration ceramics have a long service life and good heat resistance and corrosion resistance. They can be used in the filtration and separation processes in domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and exhaust gas treatment, especially in the separation of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen and other gases in high-temperature flue gas treatment. Filter ceramics must be used.

Microporous ceramic materials have a large application market in many fields due to their high porosity, low air permeability resistance, controllable pore size, easy cleaning and regeneration, and resistance to high temperature, high pressure, and chemical media corrosion. Ceramic microfiltration technology and ceramic filtration devices using microporous ceramic materials as filter media not only solve difficult filtration problems such as high temperature, high pressure, strong acid and alkali, and chemical solvent media, but also have high filtration accuracy, good cleanliness, and It is easy to clean and has a long service life. It has been widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, pharmaceutical, food, environmental protection, water treatment and other fields.

What Are The Methods For Joining Ceramic With Other Metals

Joining ceramics to other materials, also known as ceramic-metal or ceramic-polymer joining, has been an area of extensive research and innovation. Engineers and scientists have been exploring various techniques to effectively bond ceramics, which are known for their high temperature resistance and hardness, with other materials like metals or polymers to create stronger and more versatile components.

Some of the common methods used for joining ceramics to other materials include:

1. Screwing: Used for junctions subject to strong impact such as in machine mechanisme.

2. Shrink-fitting: Based on the higher compression resistance and lower thermal expansion of ceramics, it is used to reinforce ceramic pipes subject to internal pressure.

3. Resin molding: Ceramic parts are inserted and formed into desired shapes. Simple design is possible.

4. Brazing: A typical method used to seal ceramics and metal.Molybdenum-manganese paste is used as metal film is baked on the ceramics surface. The film formed is bonded to metal by high temperature brazing.

5. Adhesive Bonding: Using adhesives or bonding agents to attach ceramics to metals or polymers. Specialized adhesives are designed to withstand high temperatures and provide strong adhesion between dissimilar materials.

The successful joining of ceramics to other materials has numerous applications across industries. For instance, in aerospace, these techniques are used to create high-performance components that can withstand extreme conditions. In electronics, ceramics joined with metals enable the creation of advanced circuitry. Biomedical applications also benefit from such advancements, as they can create durable and biocompatible implants.
Recent advancements in material science and engineering have led to improvements in joining techniques, enabling stronger bonds and wider applications for ceramic-based materials in various industries.
At Innovacera, we can handle most ceramic joints. For more information on joining ceramic to other materials design and manufacture, please feel free to contact us directly.

Magnesium Stabilized Zirconia Ceramic – For Ultra-High Temperature

Introduction

Magnesia Stabilized Zirconia (MSZ) is a great refractory and insulating material due to high oxygen ion conductivity, high strength and toughness, and good thermal shock resistance. It has a clean melt at temperatures above 1900°C and above and is specially manufactured for melting superalloys and precious metals. Its superior thermal shock resistance to temperatures reaching up to 2200°C.

Prime Features:

High thermal shock resistance
High wear-resistant and erosion-resistant
Metal corrosion resistance in high temperature
Excellent non-wetting characteristics
High strength
Long service life
The stabilizers and grains combination can be designed according to customer’s using environment.

Application temperature: 0°C-2200℃
Applicable environment: Air, Vacuum, or Atmosphere Protection Environment

Application Field:

High temperature melt flow control
-Sizing nozzle, Ladle skateboard panel, Converter slag blocking slide plate and ring, etc
Specialty glass manufacturing
-Large size high content of zirconia and alumina ceramics, etc
Metal powder industry
-Setter plate, Gas atomizing nozzle, etc
Precious metal smelting industry
-Ceramic Crucibles, etc
Artificial/Laser Crystal Ceramic Temperature Field
-Rare earth composite oxide solid solution ceramic temperature field, etc

Technical Indicators:

Indicators	Item	Units	MSZ-H	MSZ-L	Custom
Main Composition	ZrO2	%	≥95	≥95	60-95
	Al2O3	%	≤0.2	≤0.2	0.2-20
	SiO2	%	≤0.4	≤0.4	0.2-1
	MgO	%	≤2.9	≤2.9	MgO/Y2O3
	Fe2O3	%	≤0.1	≤0.1	0.1-0.3
	TiO2	%	≤0.1	≤0.1	0.1-1.0
Physical	Color	–	Yellow	Yellow	Yellow/White
	Density	g/cm3	≤5.2	5.4-5.60	4.6-5.6
	Porosity	%	≤18.5	≤8	1-18.5
The stabilizers, grains combination and porosity can be designed according to customer’s using environment.

Why Metal And Ceramic CO2 Laser Tubes Are The Most Chosen For High-Performance CO2 Lasers

The laser tubes usually used in CO2 laser machines are categorized into DC glass、RF metal tubes and ceramic tubes.But Metal-sealed lasers are the most proven technology on the market for high-performance CO2 lasers.

Metal laser tubes are sealed metal chambers made of metal and ceramic, metal is typically stainless steel or other durable alloys and ceramics are usually alumina, they are brazed to form a feedthrough of up to 1.0 x 10 -10 atm-cc/sec. The tube is filled with a specific mixture of gasses in the ratio of 1:1:8, typically:–Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Nitrogen (N2): Helium (He). The metal and ceramic laser tubes use a technique called “radio frequency” to stimulate the gasses to produce the beam. Using RF has advantages over DC voltage, including lower energy consumption, better control of the engraving process, and longer life, resulting in a higher-quality laser beam output over a longer period of time. Metal and ceramic laser sources can be air-cooled or water-cooled, depending on the wattage of the laser. Most wattages from 30-120 watts are air cooled.
In conclusion, metal laser tubes are crucial components of industrial laser cutting systems. They provide the power and control required to generate laser beams for metal cutting, marking, and welding applications. In CO2 laser technology, these tubes allow for precise and efficient processing of various metal materials.

RF tube advantages:

1. Engraving quality and speed – RF tubes produce a laser beam that produces a smaller dot size which allows for more detailed engraving. Since RF tubes can pulse the beam at a higher rate the engraving speed is also higher on RF tube-equipped machines.
2. Longevity–all tubes degrade over time, but RF tubes degrade at a slower rate. It is not uncommon for RF tubes to last up to 4-5 times longer than DC tubes. RF tubes are also refillable.
3. Less maintenance
Innovacera manufactures a wide range of metal and ceramic laser tubes for Co2 machine, please feel free to contact me and we would like to discuss laser tubes with you.

Aluminum Nitride Applications & Features Is Outstanding And Demand Is Growing

Aluminum nitride is a covalently bonded compound with a hexagonal brazingite structure. Aluminum nitride has a series of excellent features as below:

Excellent thermal conductivity,
Reliable electrical insulation,
Low dielectric constant,
Dielectric loss,
Non-toxic,
Has a thermal expansion coefficient that matches silicon.

Aluminum nitride has become a material of great concern in the electronics field due to its excellent thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient matching that of silicon.
ALN material is not only an ideal material for new generation heat dissipation substrates and electronic device packaging, but also can be used in heat exchangers, piezoelectric ceramics and films, thermal conductive fillers, etc., with broad application prospects.
The crystal structure of AlN determines its excellent thermal conductivity and insulation properties. According to the study “Research on Tape Casting and Sintered Body Properties of Aluminum Nitride Ceramics“, due to the small atomic weight of the two elements that make up the AlN molecule, the crystal structure is relatively simple and has good harmonicity, and the formed Al-N bond The bond length is short, the bond energy is large, and the resonance of the covalent bond is conducive to the phonon heat transfer mechanism, making the AlN material superior to general non-metallic materials in thermal conductivity. In addition, AlN has a high melting point, high hardness and high thermal conductivity , and better dielectric properties.
According to the research “New Progress in Research on Factors Affecting Thermal Conductivity and Bending Strength of AlN Ceramics”, AlN has received widespread attention due to its high matching of thermal expansion coefficient with Si, while traditional substrate materials such as Al2O3 have been widely used due to their thermal conductivity. The rate is low, its value is about 1/5 of AlN ceramics, and the linear expansion coefficient does not match that of Si, which can no longer meet actual needs. The thermal conductivities of BeO and SiC ceramic substrates are also relatively high, but SiC has poor insulation. As a new type of highly thermally conductive ceramic material, AlN is expected to become an excellent material to replace Al2O3, SiC and BeO as ceramic substrates in the electronics industry.

Properties	Units	ALN	AL2O3	BEO	SIC
Density	g/cm3	3.26	3.6	2.85	3.12
Bending Strength	MPa	300-500	300-400	170-250	350-450
Specific Heat	J / (g·K)	0.75	0.75	1.046	–
Thermal Conductivity(20 ℃)	W / (m·K)	170-220	20-35	220-270	50-270
Resistivity (20 ℃)	Ω·cm	8.8	9.3	6.7	40
Mohs Hardness	Gpa	9	9	9	9.2-9.5

The Semiconductor and new energy markets stimulate AlN demand growth very much.
Aluminum nitride ceramics have been widely used in many civilian and military fields due to their excellent properties in many aspects. The advent of the 5G era, the era of new energy vehicles and the era of artificial intelligence has created more demand for aluminum nitride ceramics in many applications. Such as heat dissipation substrate and electronic device packaging.
The global ceramic substrate market is booming, and the market size is growing steadily. AlN ceramic materials can be used as copper-clad substrate materials, electronic packaging materials, ultra-high temperature device packaging materials, high-power device platform materials, high-frequency device materials, sensor film materials, optical electronic device materials, coatings and functional enhancement materials, etc. According to the Maxmize Market Research report, the global ceramic substrate market size is expected to reach US$10.96 billion in 2029, with an average annual growth rate of approximately 6.57%.