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Why Aluminum Nitride Heater Plate Is Very Difficult To Make

Aluminum nitride ceramic heating plates are widely used in the semiconductor industry. The size is generally 8 inches. The demand for aluminum nitride ceramic heating plates is very tight, but there are very few manufacturers that can process aluminum nitride ceramic heating plates. The main reason is that the aluminum nitride ceramic heating plate is very difficult to process. So why is the aluminum nitride ceramic heating plate difficult to process?

First, we need to understand what the aluminum nitride ceramics are:

Experts in the ceramic industry know that aluminum nitride ceramics are advanced ceramic materials that have high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties and are widely used in the electronics industry.

Aluminum nitride crystal belongs to the hexagonal crystal system. It is a covalently bonded compound with tetrahedron as the structural unit and has a wurtzite structure. At the same time, it is also a high-temperature resistant ceramic material. Its single crystal thermal conductivity is about 5 times that of alumina. It can be used in an environment of 2200°C and has good thermal shock resistance.

At the same time, aluminum nitride is resistant to corrosion by metals in the molten state and is almost unstable by acids. Because the aluminum nitride surface reacts to form an extremely thin oxide film when exposed to moist air, takeing advantage of this property and use it as a crucible and firing mold material for the smelting of aluminum, copper, silver, lead and other metals. Also because aluminum nitride ceramics have better metallization properties, they can replace toxic beryllium oxide ceramics and are widely used in the electronics industry.

The chemical formula of aluminum nitride is AlN, and its chemical composition is about 65.81% AI and 34.19% N. Its powder is generally white or off-white, and it is colorless and transparent in the single crystal state. Its sublimation decomposition temperature under normal pressure reaches 2450°C.

The thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride ceramics is between 170~210 W / (m.k), and the thermal conductivity of single crystal can be as high as 275 W / (m.k) or more. High thermal conductivity (>170W/m·K), close to BeO and SiC; thermal expansion coefficient (4.5×10-6℃) is similar to Si (3.5~4×10-6℃) and GaAs (6×10-6℃) Matching; excellent various electrical properties (dielectric constant, dielectric loss, volume resistivity, dielectric strength); good mechanical properties, higher flexural strength than Al2O3 and BeO ceramics, can be sintered at normal pressure; can be produced by tape casting process.

Aluminum nitride ceramics is a hard and brittle material. It is very difficult to process after sintered. Its various properties are superior to other ceramic materials, which also means that its processing difficulty is higher than other ceramics. There is another fatal difficulty in processing aluminum ceramics which is it is very brittle and very easy to have white edges.

Under this circumstance, it has become extremely difficult to make ceramic heating plates from aluminum nitride. An 8-inch aluminum nitride ceramic heating plate is approximately a disc with a diameter of 315mm and a thickness of 19mm. The aluminum nitride material used to make the heating plate needs to be larger than this size. In the processing industry, this size is very large. In the processing center It is very easy to damage the entire material when the slot is empty.

The processing cost of such a large aluminum nitride ceramic material is very high. If there is a slight problem in a certain detail, the entire material will be scrapped. So the risk is also very high when processing aluminum nitride heating plates. If a piece of material is damaged, the manufacturer will lose all its money, so many manufacturers are not willing to take this risk, which results in very few manufacturers processing aluminum nitride heating plates.

Boron Nitride Ceramic Evaporation Boat Sets For Thermal Evaporation

In the realm of materials science and manufacturing, thermal evaporation stands as a fundamental process for depositing thin films of various substances onto substrates. Whether in the domain of scientific research or industrial production, the efficiency and precision of thermal evaporation are very important. To meet the demands of this critical process, boron nitride ceramic evaporation boat sets emerge as indispensable tools, offering excellent performance and versatility.

Innovacera offers an extensive selection of boron nitride ceramic evaporation boat sets, readily available for purchase. The remarkable sales volume of this series has surpassed 10,000 units, attesting to its popularity and reliability. The BN ceramic evaporation boat, functioning equivalently to internally heated ceramic containers, caters to a wide spectrum of metal evaporation processes, encompassing precious metals like gold and silver, as well as various other metals and alloys including copper, zinc, nickel, and chromium.

Notably, this boron nitride evaporation boat ensures the complete evaporation of most metals without any loss, with the added advantage of re-usability for the evaporation tungsten basket. Our innovatively developed ceramic evaporation boats offer a novel solution for thermal evaporation needs, serving as invaluable assets for scientific research and metal production requirements alike. Available in sizes ranging from 0.25ml to 3ml, these boats provide versatility to suit diverse application needs.

Innovacera specializes in the development and production of boron nitride products, primarily manufacturing ceramic insulating components, crucibles, tubes, rings, sheets, shaped parts, boats, nozzles, and other boron nitride ceramic products. These products have found successful implementation in ultra-high-tech applications across various fields, including ultra-high temperature equipment production, powder metallurgy gas atomization processing, thermal plastic molding, optical glass manufacturing, horizontal continuous casting, amorphous strip production, technical ceramic components sintering, fluorescent powder sintering, metal casting, electronics industry, superhard materials development, semiconductor fabrication, and aerospace technology applications.

The distinctive features of boron nitride ceramic evaporation boats contribute significantly to their effectiveness in thermal evaporation processes:

High Purity: Boron nitride ceramic ensures the purity of the evaporated material, minimizing contamination and enhancing the quality of the deposited thin films.
Low gas content: BN boats is the minimal presence of gases within the material of the evaporation boats, which can otherwise interfere with the evaporation process or lead to contamination of the deposited thin films
High density: High-density materials are more robust and can withstand the mechanical stresses and thermal cycling inherent in thermal evaporation operations
Uniform grain: A uniform grain structure ensures homogeneous properties throughout the material, including thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and chemical stability.
Good compactness: the tight packing of grains within the boron nitride ceramic material, resulting in a dense and homogeneous structure.
Complete Evaporation: The design of boron nitride ceramic evaporation boats facilitates the thorough evaporation of most metals without any loss, ensuring maximum efficiency in material utilization.

Magnesium Stabilized Zirconia (MgO-ZrO2) Ceramic Nozzles

1. MgO-ZrO2 Ceramic Metering Nozzles (lnserts)

They are mainly used in steel making continuous casting ladles, converter tundishes, and converter taphole slag retaining mechanisms.

Features:

Good erosion resistance, corrosion resistance
Thermal shock stability
The service time is generally 50 hours, which solves problems such as clogging, cracking and diameter expansion.

Related general products:

Continuous casting tundish upper nozzle
Tundish quick change nozzle
Fixed diameter nozzle for continuous casting.

2. MgO-ZrO2 Ceramic Atomizing Nozzles

They are mainly used in the powder metallurgy industry, the smelting of ferrous and non-ferrous metal powders, such as nickel-based alloy powders, copper powders, stainless steel powders, iron powders and other super alloy powders.

Features:

Higher density,
Excellent resistance to high temperature corrosion,
Resistance to erosion by metallic liquids
Thermal shock performance.

Different stabilizer materials and particle sizes are used according to different requirements. The nozzles of various types and sizes can be customized individually according to different using condition and requirements.

Technical Indicators

Indicators	Item	Units	MSZ-H	MSZ-L
Density		g/cm3	5.35-5.45	5.45-5.60
Main Composition	ZrO2+HfO2	%	≥95	95-96
	Al2O3	%	≤0.2	≤0.2
	SiO2	%	≤0.4	≤0.4
	MgO	%	≤2.9	≤2.9
	Fe2O3	%	≤0.1	≤0.1
	TiO2	%	≤0.1	≤0.1

Ceramic Feedthroughs For Hermeticity and Electrical Isolation Application

In aerospace, electrical and medical equipment applications, maintaining hermeticity and electrical isolation is critical. Ensuring a reliable seal against environmental contaminants while facilitating the transmission of electrical signals requires sophisticated solutions. Ceramic feedthroughs have emerged as indispensable components, offering unparalleled performance in achieving hermeticity and electrical isolation in demanding environments.

Ceramic feedthroughs serve as conduits for electrical signals, allowing them to pass through barriers such as vacuum chambers, pressure vessels, or hermetically sealed enclosures while maintaining a tight seal against moisture, gases, and other contaminants. This benefits makes ceramic feedthroughs essential in applications where need the reliability and durability.

Innovacera ceramic-to-metal feedthroughs insulators are made by high purity alumina ceramics and Metals are made by stainless steel, nickel, copper, nickel-iron alloys, cupro-nickel alloys, molybdenum and Kovar. The braze materials Innovacera used are silver, copper, silver-copper, or gold-copper alloys. Innovacera controls and monitors critical processes of each ceramic feedthroughs, such as helium leak testing and x-ray measurements.

The ceramic feedthroughs have material properties such as high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and chemical resistance, making them ideal candidates for withstanding extreme operating conditions. Whether subjected to high temperatures, corrosive environments, or mechanical stress, ceramic feedthroughs maintain their integrity and functionality, ensuring long-term performance and reliability.

Even the slightest ingress of moisture or contaminants will effect the functionality of sensitive electronic components, so the hermetic sealing is critical. Ceramic feedthroughs provide an effective barrier against external influences, creating a reliable seal that prevents leakage and maintains the integrity of the enclosed environment. This is particularly crucial in industries such as aerospace, electrical and medical device.

Ceramic feedthroughs are excellent in providing electrical isolation between different environments or components within a system. By virtue of their dielectric properties, ceramics prevent the transmission of electrical currents, thereby ensuring that signals remain isolated and interference-free.

The versatility of ceramic feeders extends to a wide range of applications in a variety of industries. In aerospace, ceramic feedthroughs are used in satellite communications systems, spacecraft instrumentation and propulsion systems to provide reliable electrical isolation and sealing in the vacuum of space. In medical devices such as implantable pacemakers and defibrillators, ceramic feedthroughs can transmit electrical signals while maintaining a sterile and sealed environment within the device.

Additionally, ceramic feedthroughs also used for semiconductor manufacturing , where they help transmit electrical signals in vacuum chambers and plasma processing environments. Its rugged construction and high reliability make it an indispensable part for ensuring the integrity and performance of critical manufacturing processes.

If you need any ceramic to metal ceramic components such as ceramic feedthroughs, welcome to send your inquiry to us at sales@innovacera.com.

Metallized Ceramic Cylinders for Vacuum Interrupters &Capacitors

Metallization ceramic cylinders are a crucial component of vacuum interrupters (often referred to as VI) used in the fabrication of vacuum circuit breakers (VCB). VCBs find application in medium-voltage switchgear and distribution circuits, where they play a pivotal role in regulating distribution voltage by suppressing voltage surges.

Innovacera is a lead supplier of high purity alumina metallized ceramic cylinders. These metalized cylinders are used in vacuum arc extinguishing chambers worldwide due to their excellent electrical insulation properties

Innovacera specializes in the metallization of molybdenum-manganese (Mo-Mn) and nickel plating, providing excellent hermetic sealing for these metallzed ceramic cylinders, essential components in vacuum interrupters.

The hermetic sealing ensures the maintenance of the required vacuum level for efficient arc extinguishing within the interrupter chamber. Moreover, the high mechanical strength of Mo-Mn metallization prolongs the service life of vacuum interrupters, contributing to their reliability and durability. By offering advanced solutions in metallization techniques, Innovacera continues to play a crucial role in enhancing the performance and longevity of critical electrical infrastructure components.

Metallized ceramic cylinders provide fabrication properties and can then be easily brazed with common brazing alloys for a variety of applications.

Characteristics	Description
Shapes	Cylindrical, Corrugated, Stepped, Grooved
Sizes	1.0″ to 7.0″
Material and Color	Aluminum Oxide, White
Features	Excellent Electrical Insulation
	Excellent Hermetic Sealing
	High Mechanical Strength of Metal-Clad Layers

Application	Description
Vacuum interrupters in vacuum circuit breakers	Used to maintain efficient operation and ensure safety in vacuum circuit breakers
Load break switches	Provide reliable breaking and safety
Relays	Automatic switches in electrical control systems
Automatic reclosers	Used for automated reclosing operations
Isolators	Provide additional safety isolation in circuits
Mining circuit breakers	Suitable for circuit breakers in mining environments
Capacitors	Capacitor circuit breakers in power systems
Generator circuit breakers	Protect generators and prevent circuit overload
Vacuum tubes	Used to protect circuits from overcurrents
Fuses	Provide short-circuit and overload protection
Switchgear	Various types of switching devices for controlling power flow

Benefit
High Purity Aluminum Oxide	Capability for Internal Electrode Brazing
Efficient Arc Extinguishing in Interrupter Chambers	Specialized Production Lines
Extended Lifespan	Outstanding Collaborative Partner
	Customized Solutions

Innovacera’s team of technical experts is here to help you meet your metalllized ceramic requirements. We offer comprehensive solutions – from prototype design and manufacturing to large-scale production.

Ceramic Components Improve Photovoltaic Efficiency

Innovacera produced precision ceramic components which have a positive effect on durability in the photovoltaic industry. Advance ceramic components play a important role in solar energy technology and improve efficiency in various areas of photovoltaic systems.

Below is some typical ceramic products for Photovoltaic industry.

Ceramic insulation rings for thermal decoupling in solar systems.
Ceramic encapsulation offer superior thermal conductivity, facilitating efficient heat dissipation from the solar cells, thereby mitigating thermal stress and enhancing overall performance. Also provide a robust barrier, safeguarding the delicate solar cells throughout their operational lifespan.
Ceramic heat sinks protect from overheating in high-concentration photovoltaic systems .
Fine ceramic bearings and bushings are used in the drives of tracked photovoltaic systems.
Ceramic rollers give precise rolling of flat wires in PV systems.
High thermal ceramic substrates for solar application.

Ceramic components are widely use in the photovoltaic industry is because of their excellent properties in corrosion resistance, good electrical insulator and mechanical strength. So the alumina ceramic, zirconia ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic, aluminum nitride is ideal ceramic material for making ceramic part for photovoltaic industry.

Alumina ceramic material properties is as below:

Properties	Units		Alumina Ceramic
Purity	wt%		95%	99%	99.80%
Volume Density	g/cm3		3.65	3.8	≥3.89
Water Absorption	%		0	0	0
Crystal Size（Grain Size）	μm		4-5	4-5	4-5
Vickers Hardness, HV1.0	Gpa		14	1600	≥15
Flexural Strength	Mpa		300	310	≥300
Coefficient of Linear	20-500℃	1×10-6	6.5-7.5	6.5-7.5	6.5~7.5
Expansion	20-800℃	mm/℃	6.5-8.0	6.5-8.0	6.5~8.0
Thermal Conductivity	W/m·K( 20℃)		20	25	≥20.9
Specific Heat Capacity	KJ/(kg·K)		≥0.8	≥0.8	≥0.8
Dielectric Strength	KV/mm		≥12	15*106	≥12
Volume Resistivity	Ω·cm 20℃		≥1014	≥1014	≥1014
	Ω·cm 300℃		≥1011	≥1011	≥1011
	Ω·cm 500℃		≥109	≥109	≥109
Dielectric Constant	1MHz		9	9-10	9-10
Tangent of Dielectric Loss	1MHz		≤4×10-4	≤2×10-4	≤3×10-4
Surface Roughness	μm		0.4 After Machine	0.1-0.4 After Machine	0.1-0.4 After Machine
Max Working Temperature	℃		1600	1600	1650

Photovoltaic system needs ceramic suction plate, ceramic rack, ceramic top tooth block, top comb pins, side comb plates as below are very hard to machine because it needs high quality control in the flatness, deformation and surface finish and Innovacera make it.

As insulator materials, ceramics are key components of energy saving solutions. Within the energy sector, ceramic components are also used in machinery for energy production, including bearings, plate, rods, valves, seals, spheres, pumps, sheaths, and tubes for wind turbines, gas turbines, oil and gas extraction equipment, and other systems.

In addition to their electrical and thermal properties, ceramic parts contribute to the optical enhancement of solar panels. Ceramics play a crucial role in the manufacturing of solar commentators, which focus sunlight onto photovoltaic cells to intensify energy generation. Ceramics, with their ability to withstand high temperatures and harsh operating conditions, serve as ideal materials for the fabrication of concentrator components, ensuring long-term performance and reliability.

Application of Ceramic Heat Dissipation in Battery Cooling System

At present, the thermal management of power battery systems can be mainly divided into four categories: natural cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling.

Among them, natural cooling is a passive thermal management method, while air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling are active methods. The main difference between the three is the difference in heat exchange medium.

Traditional battery cooling system: To change the temperature difference between the battery core and the cooling system, liquid cooling system refrigeration is the most useful method.

How does ceramic heat dissipation apply to battery heat dissipation?

Replace insulating plastic materials with low thermal conductivity with ceramic materials with high thermal conductivity.

The research shows that rapid heat dissipation and temperature equalization can be achieved by using the high thermal conductivity and high insulation of ceramics. Aluminum nitride ceramic substrates are currently used more frequently.

Advantages of aluminum nitride ceramic substrate

Aluminum nitride ceramic substrate has high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, high strength, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high resistivity and low dielectric loss. It is an ideal large-scale integrated circuit heat dissipation substrate and packaging material.

1. High thermal conductivity

Aluminum nitride ceramics have very high thermal conductivity, with a theoretical value of up to 320W/m·K, which is much higher than traditional alumina ceramics. This makes aluminum nitride ceramics an ideal heat dissipation material, suitable for electronic devices, LED lighting, laser equipment and other fields, effectively improving the efficiency and life of the equipment.

2. Excellent electrical insulation

Aluminum nitride ceramics substrate have good electrical insulation, low dielectric constant, small dielectric loss, and remain stable at high frequencies. These characteristics make it a preferred material in high-frequency and high-power electronic equipment, such as high-frequency circuit substrates, power module packaging, etc.

3. Good thermal expansion matching

The thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum nitride ceramics substrate is about 4.5×10^-6/K, which is very close to semiconductor materials such as silicon (Si) and gallium arsenide (GaAs). This makes aluminum nitride ceramics an ideal substrate material for semiconductor devices, helping to reduce thermal stress and improve device reliability and stability.

Based on the advantages of ceramic substrates such as good thermal conductivity, heat resistance, insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient, in addition to battery systems, ceramic substrates are widely used in power electronic device packaging. At present, ceramic substrates are mainly used in IGBT, LD device packaging, LED packaging, chip packaging modules, etc.

Silicon Carbide and Silicon Nitride Ceramic Piston and Plunger For Filling Epoxy Resin

Innovacera supply ceramic piston and plungers with all kinds of materials, such as alumina ceramics, zirconia ceramics, silicon nitride and silicon carbide. Ceramic piston and plungers are main components for water jetting pumps, high pressure pumps and mud pumps. The ceramic piston and plungers are widely used for filling equipment, medical equipment, environmental engineering, petroleum and chemical a industries.

Filling machine generally need piston and plunger for filling materials, some filling machine equipment request wear resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical inertness, then the silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramic piston and plungers are very suitable and it is widely use for filling the epoxy resin.

If your plant need filling the epoxy resin or you have equipment need filling epoxy resin, welcome to contact us for the silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramic piston and plunger. Silicon nitride (Si3N4 ceramic) is black or dark grey colors, it is a non-oxide structural ceramic material and can be polished to give a smooth and strikingly reflective surface appearance. Its main properties is its high thermal shock and chemical inertness, main applications include filling machine, metal forming, industrial wear situations and molten metal handling and so on.

Below is silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramic piston and plungers features for your reference:

Excellent Acid and alkali resistance
Good self-lubricity
Low coefficient of friction for movement
Good wear resistance
Excellent mechanical strength
High corrosion resistance
Reduced engine noise
High abrasion resistance
Reduced fuel consumption
Excellent surface finish
Increased service life

Below is our general sizes of silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramic piston and plungers:

1	Piston	φ90.6φ17149
1	Sleeve	φ110φ90.6152
2	Piston	φ90.6φ1740
2	Sleeve	φ110φ90.6152
3	Piston	φ70φ17.5148
3	Sleeve	φ90φ70152
4	Piston	φ60.6φ13148
4	Sleeve	φ80φ60.6152
5	Piston	φ60.6φ1340
5	Sleeve	φ80φ60.6152

(Customized dimension is also available for us, if you have drawing, pls don’t hesitate to contact us.)

If you’re happen to looking for the new material of plunger or piston such as silicon nitride ceramic supplier for filling the epoxy resin, INNOVACERA is your good choice. Innovacera has established a high standard of quality system and strict quality control process, each batch of products are subjected to strict quality inspection, and different packaging requirements for different products to ensure the safe transportation of products.In order to ensure quality, the company adopts advanced finished product inspection equipment and standardized Gage calibration;Including automatic inspection equipment, coordinate measuring instrument, etc.

Innovacera technical ceramic piston and plunger are widely used in many industries, such as Package, Semiconductor, Aerospace, Electronic and Electrical, Fluid Controlling, Food Processing, Automotive, adn Medical Industry.

Zirconia Ceramic V Groove Parts For Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer

The Zirconia Ceramic V-Groove is an important part of the optical fiber fusion splicer. Its function is to fix and support the left and right optical fibers in the fusion splicing process. It is used in ribbon optical fiber fusion splicer for fusing ribbon optical fiber, leather wire fusion splicer for fusing covered cables and jumpers, and polarization maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing machine for fusing polarization maintaining optical fiber, etc.

Zirconia ceramic is commonly used in optical fiber fusion splicers for several reasons:

Low thermal expansion: Zirconia ceramic has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which means it doesn’t expand significantly when exposed to high temperatures. This property ensures that the splicer maintains a stable structure during the fusion process.
Chemical resistance: Zirconia ceramic is highly resistant to chemicals, including acids and alkalis. This resistance ensures that the ceramic components remain intact and unaffected by the chemicals used in fiber splicing.
High temperature resistance: Zirconia ceramic can withstand high temperatures, making it suitable for use in the heating elements of fusion splicers.
Excellent electrical insulation: Zirconia ceramic is an electrically insulating material, preventing any unwanted electrical currents from interfering with the fusion process.
High mechanical strength: Zirconia ceramic has a high strength-to-weight ratio, making it the perfect material for components that need to withstand mechanical stress during fiber splicing.

Zirconia ceramic provides the necessary mechanical strength, thermal stability, electrical insulation, and chemical resistance required for the efficient and reliable fusion splicing of optical fibers.

What are the Key Factors To Consider in Boron Nitride Atomizer Nozzle Design

Boron nitride atomizer nozzles for powder metal atomization play a crucial role in the atomization process. These nozzles are responsible for converting molten metal into fine powder particles, which are then used in various industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics.

There are different types of boron nitride atomizer nozzles used in powder metal atomization, including gas atomizers and water atomizers. Gas atomizers use high-pressure gas to disintegrate a molten metal stream into tiny droplets, which solidify into powder particles as they cool down. Water atomizers, on the other hand, use water jets to break up the molten metal stream into powder particles.

The design and construction of boron nitride atomizer nozzles are critical for ensuring efficient and effective atomization. Some key factors to consider in boron nitride atomizer nozzle design include:

Nozzle geometry: The shape and size of the nozzle play a role in determining the droplet size and spray pattern. Different geometries can be used to achieve specific particle size distributions.
Nozzle material: The material used to construct the nozzle should have high toughness and resistance to wear and corrosion. Common materials include stainless steel, tungsten carbide, and ceramic.
Nozzle cooling: Atomizer nozzles need to withstand high temperatures, and cooling mechanisms such as water jackets or internal channels can be used to prevent overheating.
Nozzle alignment: Proper alignment of atomizer nozzles is crucial for achieving consistent powder particle size and distribution. Precision alignment systems are employed to ensure accurate positioning of the nozzle during atomization.

Boron nitride atomizer nozzles are typically custom-designed to meet specific requirements, such as the desired powder particle size range and production capacity. Advanced manufacturing technologies, such as additive manufacturing, are now being used to produce atomizer nozzles with complex geometries and improved performance.

Boron nitride atomizer nozzles are key components in powder metal atomization, enabling the production of high-quality powder particles used in a wide range of applications.

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